List of articles in "Biomolecule" category - Page 1774

Superoxide dismutases (SOD EC 1.15.1.1) are enzymes that catalyze the dismutation of superoxide (O2−) into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. Thus they are an important antioxidant defense in nearly all cells […]

Reverse transcriptase (RT) is an enzyme used to generate complementary DNA (cDNA) from an RNA template a process termed reverse transcription. RT is needed for the replication of retroviruses (e.g. […]

A restriction enzyme (or restriction endonuclease) is an enzyme that cuts DNA at or near specific recognition nucleotide sequences known as restriction sites. Restriction enzymes are commonly classified into three […]

Tumor protein p53 also known as p53 cellular tumor antigen p53 phosphoprotein p53 or tumor suppressor p53 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TP53 gene. The […]

L-Monoamine oxidases (MAO) (EC 1.4.3.4) are a family of enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of monoamines. They are found bound to the outer membrane of mitochondria in most cell types […]

Lactase is an enzyme produced in the digestive system of infants and some mostly European adult humans. Lactase is essential to the complete digestion of whole milk. Lactase breaks down […]

Integrins are transmembrane receptors that mediate the attachment between a cell and its surroundings such as other cells or the extracellular matrix (ECM). In signal transduction integrins pass information about […]

Interferons (IFNs) are proteins made and released by host cells in response to the presence of pathogens such as viruses bacteria parasites or tumor cells. They allow for communication between […]

Insulin is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells in the liver and is central to regulating carbohydrate and fat metabolism in the body. It causes cells in the skeletal […]

In biology histones are highly alkaline proteins found in eukaryotic cell nuclei that package and order the DNA into structural units called nucleosomes. They are the chief protein components of […]