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The Republic Day of Turkey is one of the public holidays in Turkey and Northern Cyprus commemorating the proclamation of the republic in 1923. It lasts 35 hours starting at 1:00 pm on 28 October.The holiday commemorates 29 October 1923 when Mustafa Kemal declared that Turkey would be a republic. Turkey had effectively been a republic since 23 April 1920 (the establishment of Grand National Assembly of Turkey) but official recognition of this came only three years later.