Tags: Disease.
Reflux nephropathy RN is a term applied when small and scarred kidneys (chronic pyelonephritis CPN) are associated with vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR). CPN being the most common cause there are other causes including analgesic nephropathy and obstructive injury. Scarring is essential in developing RN and occurs almost during the first five years of life. The end results of RN are hypertension proteinuria CRF and eventually ESRD end stage renal disease. The term was introduced in 1973.