Tags: Chemical Compound, Chemical Substance.

Muramyl dipeptide is a peptidoglycan constituent of both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. It is composed of N-acetylmuramic acid linked by its lactic acid moiety to the N-terminus of an L-alanine D-isoglutamine dipeptide.It can be recognized by the immune system as a PAMP (pathogen associated molecular pattern)and activate the NALP3 inflammasome which in turn leads to cytokine activation especially IL-1α and IL-1β.

Muramyl_dipeptide.png
IUPAC name
(4R)-4-[ [(2S)-2-[ [(2R)-2-[(2R5S)-3-acetamido-25-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxypropanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-5-amino-5-oxopentanoic acid)

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