Tags: Arachnid.
The Gnaphosoidea are a superfamily of araneomorph mostly eight-eyed spiders with seven families: Ammoxenidae Cithaeronidae Gallieniellidae Gnaphosidae Lamponidae Prodidomidae TrochanteriidaeThe Prodidomidae Lamponidae and Gnaphosidae are considered higher gnaphosoids sharing anterior lateral spinnerets consisting of only a single article; the lower gnaphosoids (Ammoxenidae Cithaeronidae Gallieniellidae and Trochanteriidae) retain a separate complete distal article that is represented by an entire subdistal ring of sclerotized cuticle.