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Dopamine (or 34-dihydroxyphenethylamine) is a neuroendocrine transmitter (i.e. a hormone and neurotransmitter) in the catecholamine and phenethylamine families that plays a number of important roles in the brain and bodies of humans. Its name derives from its chemical structure: it is an amine that is formed by removing a carboxyl group from a molecule of L-DOPA.In the brain dopamine functions as a neurotransmitter—a chemical released by nerve cells to send signals to other nerve cells.