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Cortisol is a steroid hormone more specifically a glucocorticoid produced by the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex. It is released in response to stress and a low level of blood glucocorticoid. Its primary functions are to increase blood sugar through gluconeogenesis suppress the immune system and aid with fat protein and carbohydrate metabolisms. It also decreases bone formation.Various forms of cortisol are used to treat a variety of diseases.