August Hlond (July 5 1881 – October 22 1948) was a Polish cardinal who was Archbishop of Poznań and Gniezno in 1926 and primate (highest ranking church official) in Poland Archbishop of Gniezno and Warsaw in 1946. He was the only member of the Sacred College of Cardinals to be arrested and taken into custody by the Gestapo during World War Two and for the final years of his life was a critic of the Soviet backed Communist regime in Poland.
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