Adenosine thiamine triphosphate (AThTP) or thiaminylated adenosine triphosphate is a natural thiamine adenine nucleotide. It was discovered in Escherichia coli where it may account for up to 15 – 20% of total thiamine under carbon starvation. AThTP exists also though at much lower levels in eukaryotic organisms such as yeast roots of higher plants and animal tissues. In E.